Surface Treatment Characteristics for Deep Hole Inserts
During the manufacturing process of deep hole inserts, selective surface treatment and insert coating are applied to enhance their performance. Below is a summary and induction of several common treatment methods, tailored to different application scenarios:
1. Bright Finish Treatment
High-speed steel (HSS) and cemented carbide possess excellent inherent properties, allowing inserts to be used directly without additional surface treatment—this is known as the bright finish treatment. This method retains the original material performance and is cost-effective for general machining needs.
2. Nitriding Treatment
Nitriding treatment is particularly suitable for deep hole inserts used in machining gray cast iron, high-silicon aluminum alloys, plastics, and pearlitic steel. It forms a hard, wear-resistant surface layer on the insert, significantly improving its service life when processing these specific materials.
3. Steam Treatment
Unlike other treatments, steam treatment is exclusively applicable to inserts designed for machining ferrous materials. It creates a thin oxide layer on the insert surface, enhancing lubricity and reducing friction during cutting.
4. TiN Coating (Titanium Nitride)
With a distinctive golden-yellow color, TiN coating is widely used for inserts in drilling, tapping, and milling operations—especially in steel machining. It offers excellent wear resistance and a low coefficient of friction, ensuring stable cutting performance and extended tool life.
5. TiCN Coating (Titanium Carbonitride)
Characterized by a gray color, TiCN coating boasts ultra-high hardness and toughness. This makes it more suitable for deep hole inserts operating under interrupted cutting conditions (e.g., machining uneven surfaces or intermittent feeds), as it can withstand sudden impact and minimize chipping.
6. TiAlN Coating (Titanium Aluminum Nitride)
Featuring a fuchsia color, TiAlN coating combines high hardness with strong corrosion resistance. It is an ideal choice for inserts used in processing abrasive materials, and performs exceptionally well in dry cutting and high-speed cutting applications—thanks to its ability to resist high temperatures and chemical wear.
7. AlTiN Coating (Aluminum Titanium Nitride)
With a gray-purple color, AlTiN coating exhibits extremely high red hardness (heat resistance) and oxidation resistance. It is specifically engineered for deep hole inserts tasked with machining difficult-to-cut materials, such as titanium alloys. Its robust thermal stability prevents coating degradation even at elevated cutting temperatures.
8. AlCrN Coating (Aluminum Chromium Nitride)
Showcasing a silver-gray color, AlCrN coating delivers outstanding oxidation resistance and red hardness. It is particularly optimized for thread tap inserts (a common type of deep hole insert), as it ensures smooth thread forming and long-term durability when processing various met
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